What does VTOL stand for?

VTOL stands for Vertical Take-Off and Landing. This term is used to describe aircraft that are capable of taking off, hovering, and landing vertically. This capability allows these aircraft to operate in confined spaces and areas where traditional runways are not available. VTOL technology is particularly important for various military applications, as it enables helicopters, certain drones, and specialized airplanes to perform missions in urban and rugged environments.

The other options do not accurately reflect the definition of VTOL. For instance, "Variable Take Off and Landing" suggests an operational flexibility that is not encapsulated by the standard definition of VTOL. "Vane Take-Off and Landing" does not have relevance in aeronautical terminology, and "Visual Take-Off and Landing" implies a focus on pilot visibility rather than the aircraft's ability to launch and land without the need for horizontal runway space. Thus, the correct answer is relevant in acknowledging the capabilities and technology associated with vertical flight operations.